Insurers Reap Hidden Fees by Slashing Payments. You May Get the Bill. (2024)

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A little-known data firm helps health insurers make more when less of an out-of-network claim gets paid. Patients can be on the hook for the difference.

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Insurers Reap Hidden Fees by Slashing Payments. You May Get the Bill. (1)

By Chris Hamby

Chris Hamby reviewed more than 50,000 pages of documents and interviewed more than 100 people for this article. The New York Times also petitioned two federal courts for materials under seal.

Weeks after undergoing heart surgery, Gail Lawson found herself back in an operating room. Her incision wasn’t healing, and an infection was spreading.

At a hospital in Ridgewood, N.J., Dr. Sidney Rabinowitz performed a complex, hourslong procedure to repair tissue and close the wound. While recuperating, Ms. Lawson phoned the doctor’s office in a panic. He returned the call himself and squeezed her in for an appointment the next day.

“He was just so good with me, so patient, so kind,” she said.

But the doctor was not in her insurance plan’s network of providers, leaving his bill open to negotiation by her insurer. Once back on her feet, Ms. Lawson received a letter from the insurer, UnitedHealthcare, advising that Dr. Rabinowitz would be paid $5,449.27 — a small fraction of what he had billed the insurance company. That left Ms. Lawson with a bill of more than $100,000.

“I’m thinking to myself, ‘But this is why I had insurance,’” said Ms. Lawson, who is fighting UnitedHealthcare over the balance. “They take out, what, $300 or $400 a month? Well, why aren’t you people paying these bills?”

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How MultiPlan and Insurers Make Money on Fees

MultiPlan and health insurers typically receive a percentage of the “savings” on each claim, creating an incentive to recommend lower payments.

Insurers Reap Hidden Fees by Slashing Payments. You May Get the Bill. (3)

EXAMPLE 2:

EXAMPLE 1:

MULTIPLAN ADVISES A 20% PAYMENT

MULTIPLAN ADVISES A 50% PAYMENT

A lower payment

means bigger fees for

the insurer and MultiPlan, but also a bigger potential bill for the patient.

Doctor

bills

Employer

pays

Doctor

bills

$200

$1,000

$500

$1,000

DIFFERENCE

$800

The patient is potentially on the hook for this amount.

DIFFERENCE

$500

The patient is potentially on the hook for this amount.

$35

To MultiPlan

7%

FEES

$56

To MultiPlan

7%

Based on a

share of the

difference

(paid by insurer)

$175

To Insurer

35%

(paid by employer)

$280

To Insurer

35%

Insurers Reap Hidden Fees by Slashing Payments. You May Get the Bill. (4)

For a doctor’s bill of $1,000:

EXAMPLE 2:

EXAMPLE 1:

MULTIPLAN

ADVISES A

20% PAYMENT

MULTIPLAN

ADVISES A

50% PAYMENT

A lower payment means bigger fees for the insurer and MultiPlan, but also a bigger potentialbill for the patient.

Employer

pays

Employer

pays

$200

$500

DIFFERENCE

$800

The patient is potentially on the hook for this amount.

DIFFERENCE

$500

The patient is potentially on the hook for this amount.

Based on a share of the difference

FEES

$35

$56

To MultiPlan

7%

7%

(paid by insurer)

$175

$280

To Insurer

35%

35%

(paid by employer)

Fee percentages vary based on negotiated contracts.

By The New York Times

Confidential Pricing and Fee Data

Itemized payments and fees for thousands of claims were made public in a lawsuit against Cigna after The Times petitioned the court. The insurer and MultiPlan opposed the release, calling the data “highly confidential.”

Insurers Reap Hidden Fees by Slashing Payments. You May Get the Bill. (5)

Payment amount

For providing outpatient

substance abuse treatment,

the facility received $134.13.

Fee for Cigna

For processing the claim,

Cigna received $658.75,

nearly five times as much

as the treatment center.

Fee for MultiPlan

For recommending a payment

amount, MultiPlan received

$167.48, slightly more than

the treatment center.

Insurers Reap Hidden Fees by Slashing Payments. You May Get the Bill. (6)

Payment amount

For providing outpatient substance abuse

treatment, the facility received $134.13.

Fee for Cigna

For processing the claim, Cigna received

$658.75, nearly five times as much as the

treatment center.

Fee for MultiPlan

For recommending a payment amount,

MultiPlan received $167.48, slightly more

than the treatment center.

View the PDF.

By The New York Times

Fact Check: An Explanation of Benefits

Insurance statements often identify savings or discounts. But sometimes patients can still be billed for that amount, as in this case involving the UnitedHealth subsidiary UMR.

Insurers Reap Hidden Fees by Slashing Payments. You May Get the Bill. (7)

Your discount: $871.78

Your plan negotiates discounts with providers and facilities to help save you money.

You saved: $1,293.74

82% of your service was covered by your

plan discounts, your employer-sponsored benefits plan, or other amounts for which you arenot responsible.

Insurers Reap Hidden Fees by Slashing Payments. You May Get the Bill. (8)

Your discount: $871.78

Your plan negotiates discounts with providers and facilities to help save you money.

You saved: $1,293.74

82% of your service was

covered by your plan discounts, your employer-sponsored

benefits plan, or other amounts for which you are not responsible.

View the PDF.

By The New York Times

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Insurers Reap Hidden Fees by Slashing Payments. You May Get the Bill. (2024)

FAQs

Insurers Reap Hidden Fees by Slashing Payments. You May Get the Bill.? ›

Insurers Reap Hidden Fees by Slashing Payments. You May Get the Bill. A little-known data firm helps health insurers make more when less of an out-of-network claim gets paid. Patients can be on the hook for the difference.

What do insurance companies do with premiums? ›

Most insurance companies generate revenue in two ways: Charging premiums in exchange for insurance coverage, then reinvesting those premiums into other interest-generating assets. Like all private businesses, insurance companies try to market effectively and minimize administrative costs.

What is the bill that is sent to the insurance company called? ›

Claim. Your medical bill that is sent to an insurance company for payment. Claim number. A number assigned by your insurance company to an individual claim.

What is the health insurance industry fee? ›

Health Insurance Industry Fee

This fee on health insurers started at $8 billion in 2014 and increased each year with premium growth. While the fee took effect in 2014, it was suspended for 2017 and 2019, then fully repealed effective in 2021.

How are health insurance premiums calculated? ›

Five factors can affect a plan's monthly premium: location, age, tobacco use, plan category, and whether the plan covers dependents. Notice: FYI Your health, medical history, or gender can't affect your premium.

Do insurance companies make money or lose money? ›

Insurance companies aim to set premiums at a level that covers expected losses, administrative costs, and provides a profit margin.

Why do insurance companies never pay out? ›

Insurers maximize profit by minimizing their expenses. Paying money for insurance claims is a large expense of an insurance company. The less that is paid out, the more money for their owners (the stockholders).

What are the most common errors when submitting claims? ›

Simple Errors
  • Incorrect patient information. Sex, name, DOB, insurance ID number, etc.
  • Incorrect provider information. Address, name, contact information, etc.
  • Incorrect Insurance provider information. ...
  • Incorrect codes. ...
  • Mismatched medical codes. ...
  • Leaving out codes altogether for procedures or diagnoses.
  • Duplicate Billing.

What is a payment by an insurer to a healthcare provider called? ›

Assignment of Benefits (AOB): Insurance payments that are paid directly to the provider for services performed. Authorization: A process when a patient requires permission (prior authorization) from the insurance payer before receiving certain treatments or services.

How does insurance billing work? ›

You'll go to the appointment and afterwards, you'll get a bill and an explanation of benefits from your insurance company. You pay some costs at the appointment. If your healthcare provider has a co- pay, or if your plan has coinsurance, you'll pay those when you check-in for the appointment.

Why do insurance companies charge fees? ›

Premium loads and sales charges help compensate the insurance company for the cost of sales expenses and taxes. A monthly per thousand charge is assessed monthly and is based on your age, underwriting classification, and gender.

Why do health insurance companies charge so much? ›

Healthcare system complexity

This complexity often results in administrative inefficiencies, increased paperwork, and higher operational costs for both healthcare providers and insurers. These added expenses are eventually passed on to consumers in the form of higher insurance premiums, deductibles, and copayments.

Why is my health insurance so high? ›

The reasons health insurance is expensive include rising prescription drug costs, hospital consolidations, increased hospital labor costs, overall inflation, and a lack of transparency in healthcare pricing.

Who typically pays for health care expenses once you have met your deductible? ›

After you have met your deductible, your health insurance plan will pay its portion of the cost of covered medical care and you will pay your portion, or cost-share.

How much do most employers pay for health insurance? ›

Employers typically pay a percentage of their employees' health insurance premiums, with the average contribution being 83% for self-only plans and 73% for family plans. Small employers may cover more of their employees' premiums than larger businesses.

What 3 factors are health insurance premiums based on? ›

Factors affecting health insurance premiums
  • Age and Gender: Age: As individuals get older, the likelihood of needing healthcare services typically increases. ...
  • Medical History and Current Health Condition: ...
  • Coverage Type and Level: ...
  • Location and Local Healthcare Costs: ...
  • Deductibles, Copayments, and Coinsurance:
Sep 1, 2023

Do insurance companies invest the money they receive from premiums? ›

But while this money is sitting in the reserve, the insurance company doesn't just let it idle. They invest this money to generate income and to increase the value of the reserve. Investment income helps to keep the insurance premiums lower than they would be otherwise.

Why do insurance companies invest premiums? ›

Investment income helps to keep the insurance premiums lower than they would be otherwise. Without the income from investments, insurance companies would need to charge much higher premiums to maintain their financial stability and be able to pay claims.

What happens to the total amount of premium paid? ›

What happens to the total amount of premium paid for an insurance policy when the payment frequency increases? Increases. As the premium payment frequency increases, the total amount of premium paid for an insurance policy increases.

Do insurance companies refund premiums? ›

Receiving an insurance refund will largely depend on why you're canceling the policy and how much of the premium you paid in advance. If you pay your full premium upfront, then you'll typically get a refund when you cancel your policy.

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